Optimization Modelling of the Decarbonization Scenario of the Total Energy System of Kazakhstan until 2060

This research article provides a comprehensive scenario analysis of key structural changes in Kazakhstan’s fuel and energy complex subsectors until 2060, focusing on decarbonization efforts. The background places the issue broader context, considering country’s vast size sparse population. study’s purpose involves analyzing development climate agenda by comparing two scenarios: “reference” without measures carbon neutrality 2060 (CN2060). A mathematical technical-economic model based TIMES paradigm (The Integrated MARKAL-EFOM System) serves as method to optimize simulate system. main findings reveal sets policies, standards, legislative, economic, political decisions that are required achieve CN2060. Additionally, integration low-carbon policy, sectoral cross-cutting approaches, impact coronavirus crisis, Russia-Ukraine conflict, security issues receive discussion. concludes with projected shares generation investment renewable sources (RES) necessary for attaining work offers novel insights into challenges opportunities transition economy.